Eco-Printing
Eco-printing is a form of natural dyeing in which the color of plant material is transferred to paper or fabric by steam or boiling. Briefly; eco-prints use the natural pigments, tannins and acids present in leaves to create (more or less perfect) leaf prints, combining natural pigments with mordants, moisture and heat on the fabric.
It depends on the type of fabric you used, how well your fabric is dyed, and whether the prints have been fully steamed or boiled. This is about experimentation, the final result will depend on the elements you use, the amount of time you let them simmer, the bite you use and how you let the material dry. Gather the plant materials and lay out the plants on the cloths, keeping in mind that where you start is not always where you end up.
Collect a few leaves from the ground, lay them out on a cloth, roll them into a small bundle, then steam them. Place the cloth in a large pot with enough water to cover it, let it soak for at least an hour (or overnight is better). Gently lower the material into the liquid and cook for about an hour, stirring occasionally. Boil the cloth in a copper pot for an hour, then leave it in a pot of chilled water for 2-4 hours.
This fabric printing method is very similar to beam dyeing, but the difference is that you are steaming the fabric rather than soaking it in a dye bath. I use fabric printing with natural dyes to test if a flower or leaf will have a good color before going through the lengthy process of naturally dyeing a piece of fabric with a hot dye process called eco-printing, textile printing with natural dyes is a method of extracting dye from flowers, leaves, rusty nails, or food scraps such as onion skins or tea bags, and transferring the shape of the flowers to a piece of fabric using pressure and heat.
Eco-dyeing and eco-printing are essentially direct contact printing techniques in which pigments are extracted from plants to create interesting and often unexpected markings on cellulose fibers (cotton, linen) and proteins (silk, wool), and not necessarily for uniform dyeing of yardage or yarn. I like to keep the background of my eco-friendly prints as white as possible. I mainly use silk and wool, which are protein fibers and tend to print well if I wrap them with a piece of iron-soaked cloth, mostly silk and wool. Other natural fabrics can be used, but vegetable dyes adhere better to protein fibers.
Use products made from natural materials such as cotton, silk, wool and linen. I advise you to start with silk (there is ecological silk) or wool, because they absorb paint much easier.
If the flowers are placed on half of the fabric, the other half will be folded for a mirror print. At this point, the flower dye has formed a bond with the stain on the fabric, so the wash-off dye remains in excess. Fold half of the silk over the damp plant material so that the eco-printed plant material is sandwiched between two layers of silk.
Working with tannin rich leaves combined with a ferrous sulfate stain on fabric will create crisp leaf prints. The acid-rich leaves are great for working with natural dyes, but can be disappointing when printed on undyed fabrics. A small amount of dye can go a long way, and you don't have to go through
the extraction process, which can be time-consuming and sometimes difficult, depending on your raw materials.
Eco-Dyeing
All of these dyes produce different shades depending on the dye used and whether you have changed the color after the initial dyeing process. Some dyes (like madder) will release different dyes at different temperatures, check the dye recipe you are using. Just as good wine changes over the years, reflecting the season, soil conditions, and the winemaker's taste; each time a dye is used, the color will be slightly different. Darker shades can be achieved by repeating the dyeing process several times, allowing the fabric to dry and dye it again.
You can dye the fabric with a pattern, but the pattern will still be visible. There should be enough dye so that your fabric can float freely; if you fold it, you get a tie-dye pattern (which can be cute!). Don't dry it before soaking it in the paint, as the water will help it soak up the paint. Once the fabric has reached the desired shade (remember that the color will lighten a little as the fabric dries), remove the fabric from the dye and rinse separately with cold water until it becomes transparent.
You will need to boil the fabric you wish to dye in the appropriate mixture and then rinse the fabric in cold water. If you are dyeing a large amount of fabric, you will need more coloring material and water - the solution should completely cover everything you are dyeing. You can also leave the fabric in the dye overnight for vibrant colors.
When the dyeing process is complete, let the fabric rest for a few hours. Place the wet cloth in a pot and boil until you get the desired color. Pour the liquid into the large bowl, bucket, or pot you used and soak the cloth in it.
These dyes will dye your fabrics well, and if you follow my method, the color will stay on your fabric forever. Natural dyes don't absorb well into fabrics by themselves, so you'll need a stain or fixative to ensure your color stays on even after washing the fabric.
Not all natural materials produce a dye, and some produce colors that are nothing like the original plant from which they are derived. One of the reasons I love natural dyes is that while there are general scientific guidelines that will ensure you get colors within specific ranges, each color experiment depends on the type of water you use, the freshness of your materials, the mordant, which you are using. or not to use, the type of fiber you are dyeing, the temperature of your paint
can, how long you leave it in, and whether it is the first, second, or fourth item in the paint can. There are so many ways paint can (and will) work out that you never know exactly what you'll get. Experiment and see what different colors you can get with just one dye.
If you're unsure and can risk the item you're planning to paint, do so. We haven't experimented with multiple colors on clothing, but you can do so by putting the dye in an applicator bottle and spraying it directly onto the fabric, as many people do when dyeing. Different fabrics will look different even if you put them in the same dye bath.
I made a natural avocado fabric dye by boiling the peels and kernels in the same pot, but you can also experiment and make two separate natural avocado fabric dyes, one with the skin and one with just the kernel. Don't throw away the avocado dye just yet, you may need to re-dye the fabric for a darker color, or even use it on other fabric scraps to make other gadgets.
I also tried using Alum to see if it brightened the red of my canned avocado paint, but the color faded instead.
I believe that if you can get amazing prints and colors using only natural elements that don't harm our planet in any way, you should never think about toxic dyes. As we have said, the use of natural dyes is essential to create a long-term sustainable fashion industry, reduce waste and limit unnecessary environmental damage.
Sources
[0]: https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/70564
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[6]: https://gosciencegirls.com/natural-dye-from-fruits-vegetables/
[7]: https://naturaldyes.ca/instructions
[8]: https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-5-natural-dyes-create-contents-kitchen
[9]: https://lacreativemama.com/beginners-guide-natural-dyes/
[10]: https://allnaturaldyeing.com/
[11]: https://www.playfullearning.net/resource/all-natural-tie-dye-diy/
[12]: https://www.onegreenplanet.org/lifestyle/10-ways-to-naturally-dye-fabric-at-home-using-fruits-vegetables-and-plants/
[13]: https://abeautifulmess.com/experimenting-with-natural-dyes/
[14]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_dye
[15]: https://bydreamsfactory.com/2020/02/how-to-make-natural-dyes-for-fabric.html
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